Sunrise Sunset Calculator

How Sunrise and Sunset Are Calculated

Sunrise and sunset times are determined by the position of the Sun relative to the horizon at any given location on Earth. The calculation involves the Sun's declination (its angle relative to the equatorial plane), the observer's latitude, and the equation of time which accounts for Earth's elliptical orbit and axial tilt.

Golden Hour for Photography

The "golden hour" occurs roughly in the first hour after sunrise and the last hour before sunset, when sunlight travels through more atmosphere and takes on a warm, golden tone. Photographers prize this light for its soft quality and long shadows. This calculator highlights the exact golden hour windows for your location.

Blue Hour

The "blue hour" happens during civil twilight — just before sunrise and just after sunset — when the sky takes on a deep blue tone. It typically lasts 20-30 minutes and is prized by urban and landscape photographers for its moody, ethereal quality.

Twilight Types

Civil twilight (Sun 0-6 degrees below horizon) provides enough light for outdoor activities without artificial lighting. Nautical twilight (6-12 degrees) is when the horizon is still visible at sea. Astronomical twilight (12-18 degrees) is when the sky becomes fully dark for stargazing.

Seasonal Changes

Day length varies dramatically with latitude and season. At the equator, days are nearly 12 hours year-round. At 60 degrees latitude, days range from about 6 hours in winter to 18 hours in summer. Above the Arctic and Antarctic circles, the Sun can stay above or below the horizon for 24 hours around the solstices.

Planning Around Daylight

For outdoor activities, knowing exact sunrise and sunset times helps you plan safe hiking schedules, set up camp before dark, time photography sessions, and maximize productive daylight hours. Always add a safety margin — plan to finish trail activities at least an hour before sunset.