Bankruptcy Chapter 7 vs 13 2027 Comparison
Compare Chapter 7 vs Chapter 13 bankruptcy 2027 — Ch 7 wipes debt (means test), Ch 13 restructures over 3-5 years. See income limits + asset protection.
Chapter 7 (Liquidation)
Fast (4-6 months). Wipes most unsecured debt: credit cards, medical, personal loans. Cannot wipe: child support, recent taxes, student loans (almost never).
Chapter 13 (Reorganization)
3-5 year repayment plan. Catch up on mortgage/car. Save assets that Ch 7 might lose. Pay back 30-100% of unsecured debt (rest discharged). Trustee oversees.
Means Test
Above median income? Must pass detailed expense calculation to qualify for Ch 7. Otherwise forced to Ch 13. Most middle-income filers can structure to qualify.
Asset Protection
Federal exemptions: $25k home equity, $4k car, $14k household goods. State exemptions sometimes higher (FL homestead unlimited).
Source: uscourts.gov bankruptcy guides, abi.org consumer bankruptcy. Last updated: May 2026.